Birmingham had 195,893 residents on July 1, 2025, the Census Bureau estimates, down 7.7% from the 2010 census. Age, income, households and housing figures.
Last checked Oct. 17, 2026. Every figure on this page comes from the U.S. Census Bureau and is linked to the release it came from. Updated when the bureau publishes new figures.
Birmingham had an estimated 195,893 residents on July 1, 2025, according to the Census Bureau’s Vintage 2025 city population estimates. That is the largest city in Jefferson County, about 29% of the county’s 665,742 people, but the number has been falling slowly for more than a decade.
Find the figures
- Birmingham QuickFacts: census.gov/quickfacts
- Detailed tables: 2020-2024 ACS profile, Birmingham
- Census Bureau questions: contact the bureau
Growth since 2010
| Year | Population | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 2010 | 212,237 | 2010 census |
| 2020 | 200,733 | 2020 census |
| 2025 | 195,893 | July 1 estimate, Vintage 2025 |
- 2010 to 2020: down 11,504 people, or 5.4%.
- Since 2020: the bureau’s estimates base for April 2020 is 200,486; the 2025 estimate is 2.3% lower.
- 2010 to 2025: down 7.7%.
Over the same years Jefferson County grew from 658,466 in the 2010 census to 674,721 in 2020, up 2.5%. Its 2025 estimate is 665,742.
Age, households and income
From the Census Bureau’s 2020-2024 American Community Survey five-year estimates for Birmingham (data profile):
| Measure | Birmingham | Jefferson County |
|---|---|---|
| Median age | 35.6 years | 37.7 years |
| Households | 88,788 | |
| Average household size | 2.12 people | |
| Median household income | $46,051 | $66,388 |
| People below the poverty level | 24.7% | |
| Adults 25 and older with a bachelor’s degree or higher | 31.1% | 36.2% |
ACS figures are estimates from a sample survey and carry margins of error; the bureau publishes them with each table.
Housing
The same survey counts 109,349 housing units in Birmingham. Of the occupied homes, 45.5% are owner-occupied. The median value of an owner-occupied home is $158,800, against $240,000 for Jefferson County, and the median gross rent is $1,107 a month. For current market values, see our home prices guide.
Birmingham and its neighbors
Among the neighbors, Homewood, about five miles south, grew from an estimates base of 26,416 in 2020 to 28,118 in 2025, and Hoover, about 10 miles south, from 92,517 to 93,550. Mountain Brook, about four miles southeast, fell from 22,549 to 21,661. Hoover’s figures include its Shelby County part.
What this means for you
- Birmingham is still Jefferson County’s largest city, with nearly 196,000 people.
- The estimates have drifted down since 2020, with a small uptick in 2023.
- Median income and home values are well below the county figures.
Related: home prices, schools and moving to Birmingham.
Frequently asked questions
What is the population of Birmingham, Alabama?
The Census Bureau estimates Birmingham had 195,893 residents on July 1, 2025. The 2020 census counted 200,733.
Is Birmingham’s population growing or shrinking?
Shrinking slowly. The 2020 census counted 5.4% fewer people than the 2010 census’s 212,237, and the 2025 estimate is 2.3% below the bureau’s 2020 base of 200,486.
What is the median household income in Birmingham?
$46,051 in the Census Bureau’s 2020-2024 American Community Survey, compared with $66,388 for Jefferson County as a whole.
How many households are in Birmingham?
About 88,788, with an average of 2.12 people each, according to the 2020-2024 American Community Survey.
What is the largest city in Jefferson County?
Birmingham. Its 195,893 estimated residents in 2025 were about 29% of Jefferson County’s 665,742.
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